2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
  4. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO)

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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an inflammatory cytokine-inducible rate-limiting enzyme of the tryptophan (Trp) catabolism, which is involved in the inhibition of intracellular pathogen replication as well as in immunomodulation. To date, three types of tryptophan-metabolizing enzymes have been identified: IDO1, IDO2 and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase 2.

IDO is an intracellular enzyme that is constitutively expressed in several human and mouse cells. Being present in innate immune cells, such as Mos and dendritic cells (DCs), IDO catalyzes the initial rate-limiting step of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism, thus leading to the production of immunoregulatory catabolites (collectively known as kynurenines).

The IDO gene promoter contains multiple sequence elements that confer responsiveness to proinflammatory mediators, thereby demonstrating the strong correlation between inflammation and induced IDO expression.

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Specific Products:

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-15760
    Necrostatin-1
    		Inhibitor 99.89%
    Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) is a potent and cross the blood-brain barrier necroptosis inhibitor with an EC50 of 490 nM in Jurkat cells. Necrostatin-1 inhibits RIP1 kinase (EC50=182 nM). Necrostatin-1 is also an IDO inhibitor.
    Necrostatin-1
  • HY-108331
    3-TYP
    		Inhibitor 99.96%
    3-TYP is an inhibitor of SIRT3 (IC50: ~377 μM) and an inhibitor of Methionine Adenosyltransferase (MAT) 2 and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO). There may be many off-target sites for 3-TYP that need to be examined, such as NAD-dependent enzymes, including dehydrogenases.
    3-TYP
  • HY-15689
    Epacadostat
    		Inhibitor 99.66%
    Epacadostat (INCB 024360) is a potent and selective indoleamine 2,3-dioxigenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 71.8 nM.
    Epacadostat
  • HY-16724
    Indoximod
    		Inhibitor 99.85%
    Indoximod (1-Methyl-D-tryptophan) is an orally active indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) pathway inhibitor. Indoximod acts as a Trp mimetic in regulating mTOR. Indoximod is an immunometabolic adjuvant used for the research of cancer.
    Indoximod
  • HY-101560
    Linrodostat
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Linrodostat (BMS-986205) is a selective and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.1 nM in IDO1-HEK293 cells. Linrodostat is well tolerated with potent pharmacodynamic activity in advanced cancers.
    Linrodostat
  • HY-162962
    IDO1/TDO-IN-7
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1/TDO-IN-7 (Compound 43b), an isoquinoline derivative, is a potent dual IDO1/TDO inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.31 μM and 0.08 μM, respectively. IDO1/TDO-IN-7 displays acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles and potent antitumor efficacy with low toxicity in B16-F10 tumor model.
    IDO1/TDO-IN-7
  • HY-161996
    IDO1-IN-25
    		Inhibitor
    IDO1-IN-25 is a dual inhibitor of IDO1/TDO2, with IC50 values of 0.17 μM and 3.2 μM, respectively. IDO1-IN-25 can effectively inhibit the production of NO in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). IDO1-IN-25 can exert anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse ear edema acute inflammation model induced by croton oil.
    IDO1-IN-25
  • HY-168092
    VS-15
    		Inhibitor
    VS-15, a IDO1 inhibitor, selectively binds the heme-free form of IDO1. VS-15 is described as an iNOS inhibitor based on the reduction of NO production.
    VS-15
  • HY-13555
    β-Lapachone
    		99.99%
    β-Lapachone (ARQ-501;NSC-26326) is a naturally occurring O-naphthoquinone, acts as a topoisomerase I inhibitor, and induces apoptosis by inhibiting cell cycle progression.
    β-Lapachone
  • HY-N0110
    Palmatine chloride
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Palmatine chloride is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine chloride can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine chloride shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities.
    Palmatine chloride
  • HY-133897
    (Rac)-Indoximod
    		Inhibitor 98.13%
    (Rac)-Indoximod (1-Methyl-DL-tryptophan) is an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor. Co-treatment with IFN-γ and (Rac)-Indoximod markedly reduces the activity of human cardiac myofibroblasts (hCMs) expressing α-SMA and induces apoptosis through up-regulating the IRF-1, Fas, and FasL genes.
    (Rac)-Indoximod
  • HY-N0736
    Coptisine chloride
    		Inhibitor 99.73%
    Coptisine chloride is an alkaloid from Chinese goldthread, and acts as an efficient uncompetitive IDO inhibitor with a Ki value of 5.8 μM and an IC50 value of 6.3 μM. Coptisine chloride is a potent H1N1 neuraminidase (NA-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 104.6?μg/mL and can be used for influenza A (H1N1) infection.
    Coptisine chloride
  • HY-N0707
    (S)-Indoximod
    		Inhibitor 99.47%
    (S)-Indoximod (1-Methyl-L-tryptophan) is an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) (Ki: 19 μM). (S)-Indoximod can be used for the research of cancer and neurological disease.
    (S)-Indoximod
  • HY-101111
    PF-06840003
    		Inhibitor 99.87%
    PF-06840003 (EOS200271) is a highly selective, orally active and brain-penetrant IDO-1 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.41 μM, 0.59 μM, and 1.5 μM for hIDO-1, dIDO-1, and mIDO-1, respectively.
    PF-06840003
  • HY-13983
    IDO-IN-7
    		Inhibitor 99.98%
    IDO-IN-7 (NLG-919 analogue) is a a potent IDO1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 38 nM.
    IDO-IN-7
  • HY-18770B
    Navoximod
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    Navoximod (GDC-0919; NLG-?919) is a potent IDO (indoleamine-(2,3)-dioxygenase) pathway inhibitor with Ki/EC50 of 7 nM/75 nM.
    Navoximod
  • HY-148383
    DP00477
    		Inhibitor 99.03%
    DP00477 is a potent IDO1 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 7.0 µM. DP00477 has the potential for the research of cancer.
    DP00477
  • HY-N0110B
    Palmatine hydroxide
    		Inhibitor 99.64%
    Palmatine hydroxide is an orally active and irreversible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) inhibitor with IC50s of 3 μM and 157μM against HEK 293-hIDO-1 and rhIDO-1, respectively. Palmatine hydroxide can also inhibit West Nile virus (WNV) NS2B-NS3 protease in an uncompetitive manner with an IC50 of 96 μM. Palmatine hydroxide shows anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, antibacterial, anti-viral activities.
    Palmatine hydroxide
  • HY-111540
    LY-3381916
    		Inhibitor 99.54%
    LY-3381916 (IDO1-IN-5) is a potent, selective and brain penetrated inhibitor of IDO1 activity, binds to apo-IDO1 lacking heme rather than mature heme-bound IDO1.
    LY-3381916
  • HY-151108
    IDO1/TDO-IN-4
    		Inhibitor 99.23%
    IDO1/TDO-IN-4 is a potent IDO1/TDO dual inhibitor, with IC50 values of 3.53 μM (IDO1) and 1.15 μM (TDO). IDO1/TDO-IN-4 forms hydrogen bond with IDO1, and π−π stacking interaction with TDO. IDO1/TDO-IN-4 can be used in the research of depression, and depression-induced infectious, metabolic, and autoimmune disorders.
    IDO1/TDO-IN-4
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isoform Comparison

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